Old gay people dating Xiangfan China
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It is noteworthy that only 4. Details on the demographics of these participants are summarized in Table 1.
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The results of pairwise comparison illustrates that these divorced or widowed gay men obtained lowest score of SCLR in China, followed by the more-educated men, indicating a more healthy psychological condition among these individuals. Being the only child in the family scored higher on test of SCLR self-rating scale, which indicates they are in the most at-risk mental health state.
These self-employed gay men in China seemed to be in the better psychological health status, for they showed the lowest score of SCLR in this study. Moreover, the lower the income of Chinese gay men, the higher the score. Those who were completely confidential about their sexual orientation also scored highest.
The higher score of the SCLR indicates higher risk for mental health. The results from the final multivariate linear regression analyses are shown in Table 4 after eliminating confounding factors.
Five variables remained including marital status, age, educational level, degree of coming out publicly, and being the only child in his family. However, on the other hand, many Chinese people—especially the older generation—are still hostile to sexual minorities due to the deep-rooted traditional moral influence that overemphasizes marriage, fertility, and filial piety [ 37 , 38 , 39 ]. Males with these traditional morals and religious beliefs are considered to be responsible for maintaining the family bloodline.
For this reason, gay men in China may come under even greater pressure of marriage and fertility from parents or their family, and this pressure may also magnified by the traditional social morality and concepts. Consequently, Chinese gay men may be preferentially vulnerable to mental health problems and psychopathology symptoms, such as depression, anxiety, hostility, and so on [ 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 ]. In this cross-sectional study, we found that the SCLR score for eight dimensions obtained from Chinese gay men was completely different from the Chinese national norm.
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These results indicate worrisome circumstances with regards to psychological issues and symptoms of psychopathology among the Chinese gay men. We speculate that this may be due to the insufficient social acceptance of gay men in China, limited public knowledge and bias relating to gay men may also play a role. Therefore, Chinese society needs to be more open, pluralistic, and friendly to gay individuals, and give them more understanding, support, and humanistic care. On the other hand, gay related stigma—referring to the prejudice, ignorance, insult, and discrimination towards to sexual minorities—should be controlled as effectively as possible.
However, this result does not state that Chinese gay men are physically healthier due to the fact that the respondents in this study were mainly the young men average age Furthermore, no statistically significant difference between gay men and the general population was detected in the psychoticism dimension.
Specifically, an older gay man was less likely to experience psychological health problems compared to younger gay men. This is understandable because people will become more experienced, mature, and accountable in coping with life and work-related stress as they grow older. Some existing studies have also demonstrated that the period of onset for mental illness symptoms often begins in adolescence and continues to young adulthood [ 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 ]. Therefore, young gay men can be a subgroup especially vulnerable to psychological problems which can even lead to suicide in some individuals.
Hence, internal understanding and support from families are extremely important for gay individuals, especially younger men.
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To the best of our knowledge, the present study for the first time, showed that Chinese gay men who are the only child in their families were especially vulnerable to suffering mental health problems as compared to those gay men having siblings. This might be due to the deep-rooted influence of some traditional morals and religious beliefs that overemphasize the marriage, fertility, and filial piety. Ryan et al. Interestingly, however, our study pointed out that there is a cross-sectional association between sexual orientation disclosure status and mental health status among Chinese gay men; specifically, if a gay man was more open on his sexual orientation, it could reduce his own risk on mental health problems.
Thus, Chinese society needs to be more free, inclusive, and open to encourage gay men to disclose sexual orientation freely without fear or worry.
Given the fact that there are a very few studies conducted in China to investigate and explore mental health conditions of sexual minorities, and limited literature is available for reference. Second, non- response bias was not assessed, as only those agreeing to participate were included in this study and analysis.
Moreover, we adopted non-random sampling, which can lead to a certain bias. Taing the online survey as an example, only those who utilize the Internet or use gay social networking dating apps were involved in the survey. Additionally, most of the participants are young, as the average age of this study is Fourth, although the SCLR scores obtained from Chinese gay men in our study were statistically significantly higher than the Chinese national norm, it may be still underestimated, because we received a lot of rejections and even rejections with misunderstandings during the investigation.
The volunteers who participated in this study maybe more outgoing and easygoing, and they tend to be in better mental health status. Finally, the present study was conducted with a very limited number of participants. Thus, future work should be conducted by considering all the limitations mentioned above. Gay men are a vulnerable subgroup with psychological health problems and psychopathology symptoms. A particular concern found in this study is that those Chinese gay men who are the only child in their families are especially vulnerable to mental health problems.
This study also shows that most gay men in China prefer to keep their sexual orientation confidential, with some even engaging in heterosexual marriage.
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Findings from this study also call for more public understanding, humanistic care, and support for sexual minorities to help gay men decrease the detrimental effects on their mental health problems. Moreover, more active in-depth studies relevant to the mental health of sexual minorities and its influencing factors are desperately needed in China.
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Furthermore, we gratefully acknowledge the assistance and cooperation from the research participants who contributed their time and effort for this study. Firstly, all authors have approved the content of the submitted manuscript.
Conceived and designed the study: X. Read article at publisher's site DOI : To arrive at the top five similar articles we use a word-weighted algorithm to compare words from the Title and Abstract of each citation. Wen G , Zheng L. Arch Sex Behav , 49 2 , 03 Dec Cited by: 0 articles PMID: PLoS One , 13 5 :e, 29 May Am J Mens Health , 12 5 , 23 Apr J Med Internet Res , 16 7 :e, 03 Jul Coronavirus: Find the latest articles and preprints. Europe PMC requires Javascript to function effectively. Recent Activity. Recent history Saved searches. Abstract Free full text 1.
Introduction 2. Materials and Methods 3. Results 4.
Dongdong Jiang,1,† Yitan Hou,1,† Xiangfan Chen,1 Rui Wang,1 Keywords: Chinese gay men, interpersonal sensitivity, loneliness, compared with gay men who were under 20 years old (OR = , CI: –) The dating practices of Chinese gay men were presented in Table 5 and Figure 1. Interpersonal Sensitivity and Loneliness among Chinese Gay Men: A Cross-Sectional Survey Dongdong Jiang · Hou Yitan · Xiangfan Chen; [. Association between Personal Social Capital and Loneliness among Widowed Older People.
Discussion 5. Limitations 6. Jiang D 1 ,. Chen X 1 ,. Mao Z 1. Affiliations 7 authors 1. Share this article Share with email Share with twitter Share with linkedin Share with facebook. Free full text. Published online May PMID: Find articles by Dongdong Jiang. Find articles by Xiangfan Chen. Find articles by Yitan Hou. Find articles by Meikun He. Author information Article notes Copyright and License information Disclaimer.
Received Mar 29; Accepted May This article has been cited by other articles in PMC. Go to:. Research Design and Setting The present study is a cross-sectional survey study with data collected from both online and offline sources. Measures 2. Age years Open in a separate window. Ethical Statements This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.
Descriptions of Sample Characteristics A total of Chinese gay men voluntarily participated in this survey study, averaging Demographic Variables of Respondents Mean S. Lesbian, gay, and bisexual youth in community settings: Personal challenges and mental health problems. St Lawrence J. Morrison M. A systematic review of the psychometric properties of composite LGBT prejudice and discrimination scales. Alessi E. West K. Predictors of prejudice against lesbians and gay men in Jamaica. Sex Res. Meyer E. Sex Educ. Suppe F. Akker H. Public Opin. Lambert E. Chi X. Adamczyk A.
Shaping attitudes about homosexuality: The role of religion and cultural context. Mays V. Mental health correlates of perceived discrimination among lesbian, gay, and bisexual adults in the United States. Public Health. Huebner D. Beidas R. A Longitudinal Perspective.
Parallel lives: China’s lost gay generation
Mccann E. Challenges to and opportunities for improving mental health services for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender people in Ireland: A narrative account. Health Nurs. Logie C. Social-ecological factors associated with selling sex among men who have sex with men in Jamaica: Results from a cross-sectional tablet-based survey.
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Health Action. Shenkman G. Later on I read a book, which defined it as perverted. I never dated a girl until I was 28, after I finished my post-graduate studies and worked in Beijing.
I was gay, and so was he. Firstly, all authors have approved the content of the submitted manuscript. Abstract 1. Chin J Lepr Skin Dis. Consequently, Chinese gay men may be preferentially vulnerable to mental health problems and psychopathology symptoms, such as depression, anxiety, hostility, and so on [ 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 ]. This might be due to the deep-rooted influence of some traditional morals and religious beliefs that overemphasize the marriage, fertility, and filial piety.
Some colleagues introduced girls to me.