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Clin Infect Dis 42 , —9 Plankey, M. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 45 , 85—92 Buchbinder, S. Sexual risk, nitrite inhalant use, and lack of circumcision associated with HIV seroconversion in men who have sex with men in the United States. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 39 , 82—9 Mimiaga, M. The effect of psychosocial syndemic production on 4-year HIV incidence and risk behavior in a large cohort of sexually active men who have sex with men.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 68 , —36 Huhn, G. Factors associated with newly diagnosed HIV among persons with concomitant sexually transmitted diseases. Sex Transm Dis 35 , —7 High HIV incidence epidemic among men who have sex with men in china: results from a multi-site cross-sectional study. Infect Dis Poverty 5 , 82 Parekh, B. Application of laboratory methods for estimation of HIV-1 incidence. Indian J Med Res , —8 Li, X. Kesler, M. BMC Public Health 16 , Fisher, M. Risk behaviors among HIV-positive gay and bisexual men at party-oriented vacations. J Stud Alcohol Drugs 74 , —67 Center, C.
China Internet network development state statistic report.
Internet Communication , 54—59 Qin Qianqian et al. The characteristics of HIV-positive men who have sex with men in China and predictors of their migration, — Crosby, G. Addict Behav 21 , —57 Zhang, W. HIV incidence and associated risk factors in men who have sex with men in Mainland China: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Sex Health Ackers, M. High and persistent HIV seroincidence in men who have sex with men across 47 U. PLoS One 7 , e Kong, D. Cough syrup can also lead to addiction. Syphilis and HIV seroconversion among a month prospective cohort of men who have sex with men in Shenyang, China.
Sex Transm Dis 37 , —9 Das, A. Factors associated with HIV and syphilis co-infection among men who have sex with men in seven Chinese cities. Hoenigl, M. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 71 , —7 Mao, H. High incidence of HIV and syphilis among migrant men who have sex with men in Beijing, China: a prospective cohort study.
BMJ Open 4 , e Wang, Q. HIV prevalence, incidence and risk behaviours among men who have sex with men in Yangzhou and Guangzhou, China: a cohort study. Clin Infect Dis 61 , —75 Repeat HIV-testing is associated with an increase in behavioral risk among men who have sex with men: a cohort study. BMC Med 13 , Han, X. PLoS One 6 , e Download references. The authors thank the volunteers from Shenyang sunny group for helping with recruitment of the participants.
We also thank all of the MSM who attended this study for sharing their information andtheir time. Conceived and designed the experiments: Z. All authors reviewed the manuscript. Correspondence to Hong Shang. Publisher's note: Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Reprints and Permissions. Chu, Zx. Sci Rep 8, 24 Download citation. Received : 23 May Accepted : 06 December Published : 08 January BMJ Open BMC Infectious Diseases Infectious Diseases of Poverty Journal of Psychoactive Drugs By submitting a comment you agree to abide by our Terms and Community Guidelines.
If you find something abusive or that does not comply with our terms or guidelines please flag it as inappropriate. Advanced search. Sign up for the Nature Briefing newsletter — what matters in science, free to your inbox daily. Skip to main content Thank you for visiting nature. Download PDF. Subjects Diseases HIV infections. Introduction The use of inhaled nitrites usually known as poppers, but also as rush poppers or rush in China has been highly prevalent among men who have sex with men MSM in Western developed countries for many years 1 , 2 , 3.
Results Characteristics of participants Our outreach program convinced a total of MSM in Shenyang to attend the study between and , of these MSM attended the baseline-screening survey Fig. Figure 1. Flow chart of the relationship between the use of poppers and the risk of a new HIV infection.
Full size image. Full size table. Table 3 Risk behavior variables of the SDET score and number of male partners at first and most recent testing encounter among repeat testers who reported poppers use on the right.
On the left risk behaviors in those who reported poppers use, and those that never use poppers. Figure 2. Discussion As far as we are aware, this is the first exploration of the association between the use of poppers and HIV seroconversion in a prospective cohort study of Chinese MSM. Outcome Measures MSM self-reporting ever used of poppers before or during anal intercourse were defined as poppers-users, otherwise the respondents were considered as non-popper-users.
Most participants received HIV testing before Interventions to increase acceptance and positivity of sexual identity are crucial to regular testing. Resultados sugieren un enfoque de dos pasos para engancharse HSM que nunca ha probado para VIH y que no someterse pruebas con regularidad. This is a preview of subscription content, log in to check access. Rent this article via DeepDyve. Human immunodeficiency virus prevalence is increasing among men who have sex with men in China: findings from a review and meta-analysis. Sex Transm Dis. Effective detection of HIV. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr.
Google Scholar. Revised recommendations for HIV testing of adults, adolescents, and pregnant women in health care settings. Ann Emerg Med. BMC Public Health. J Gay Lesbian Psychother. Charting a moral life: the influence of stigma and filial duties on marital decisions among Chinese men who have sex with men. Zhang B, Chu Q. Cell Res. Gay apps for seeking sex partners in China: implications for MSM sexual health. AIDS Behav. Implications for interpreting trends. Am J Public Health. HIV testing among men who have sex with men in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
In addition, information about attitudes of the working staff toward MSM was discussed as important, should be presented along with other information about the testing site. These 48 apps were then downloaded. Footnotes Contributed by Authors' Contributions: GY analyzed the data and drafted the paper as the first author. August A 2-way mixed, absolute agreement, average measures model was used to estimate the reliability of the average measures among the 2 raters.
AIDS Care. HIV testing and associated factors among men who have sex with men in Changsha, China. Medicine Baltimore. The interaction between HIV testing social norms and self-efficacy on HIV testing among Chinese men who have sex with men: results from an online cross-sectional study.
BMC Infect Dis. Community engagement in sexual health and uptake of HIV testing and syphilis testing among MSM in China: a cross-sectional online survey. Comparison of risk behaviors and socio-cultural profile of men who have sex with men survey respondents recruited via venues and the internet.
Five categories were identified under the main category preferences for content of the app: functions to facilitate HIV testing behavior, HIV post-exposure prevention, warning against substance use, psychological support, and areas for communication. Findings suggest that the design of an app targeting MSM in China should use an integrated framework addressing behavioral and psychological aspects, satisfy common needs of potential users, avoid perpetuating negative stereotypes and stigma, and avoid possible increase of risk behavior due to using the app.
Peer Review reports.
High acceptability and wide coverage among MSM are critical characteristics for the HIV preventions to get success [ 3 ]. Mobile phone apps have great potential to obtain these features and become a vital window of opportunity to protect MSM from HIV infection and promote their sexual health [ 4 ].
The advent of the mobile Internet—especially mobile phone technology has changed the patterns of interaction among MSM populations. Various gay-dating apps have become primary approaches for their social networking. The highly popular app in China, Blued , has an estimated 27 million users worldwide.
While such apps offer a supportive community and opportunity for social interaction, they may also foster a risk environment for HIV and sexually transmitted infections STIs transmission among MSM. At the same time, app also has advantages as tool to deliver risk reduction interventions.
First, is the high willingness. Previous studies showed that This enables interaction between the phone and the user, between healthcare providers and the receivers more frequent and convenient. Third, app-based interventions have the potential to scale up in a short time and with low costs. App-based interventions have great potential to help us accomplish this aim.
The expected content include: educational modules on HIV prevention and treatment [ 10 , 11 ]; integrate sex education and safer sex practices into different partner types for younger MSM [ 12 , 13 ]; HIV testing plans, reminders, and information about testing site locations [ 8 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ]; self -assessment and feedback of behavioral risks and symptoms [ 9 , 14 , 16 ], information and screening for pre-exposure prophylaxis PrEP and post-exposure prophylaxis PEP [ 10 , 16 ]; linkage to healthcare providers [ 16 , 17 ]; communication with other users [ 14 , 17 ]; commodity e.
The expected features of mobile apps include: the app must be safe for users, secure their privacy and confidentiality [ 13 ]; it should be easy-to-use, interactive, and have content to satisfy the needs of different individuals [ 10 , 14 , 15 ]. Since there are diverse cultural differences among MSM and related differences in understanding of HIV risk and help needs for HIV prevention [ 17 ], there is a need for studying the preferences of Chinese MSM in order to develop an appropriate HIV prevention aimed app for this population.
Further, most of the previous studies exploring functionality of apps for HIV prevention among MSM mainly focused on behavioral changes and paid less attention to psychosocial aspects. The behavioral and psychosocial conditions of MSM are interrelated, the co-occurrence of multiple psychosocial problems, such as depressive conditions and discrimination, could interact to generate additive effects on HIV-related sexual risk behaviors and HIV incidence [ 22 , 23 , 24 ].
Thus, HIV prevention interventions should be developed under an integrated framework, combine behavioral with psychosocial aspects.